proof reading
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opportunity to submit this contribution to your analysis of /issues
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of online harassment, harmful communications and related offences/.
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In this submission I am seeking to highlight 3 core concerns:
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- The distinction between user behaviours and online services.
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In this submission I am seeking to highlight 2 core concern
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- The nature of the online services from the perspective of small
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operators
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- The potential damage legislative measures can have on small
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operators of online services
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However, prior to addressing these topics, I would like to raise
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some ambiguities that this wider discussion will encounter.
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- The first is the meaning of the term /self-regulation/.
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I will also address some additional concerns I believe are relevant
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to this analysis.
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* CONSDONE Self-hosting
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** CONSDONE Self-hosting
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For the purposes of this submission, /self-hosting/ is where an
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individual or small group has opted to provide their own internet
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services, making use either of computer capacity provided by an ISP
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(for example, Blacknight.com, Amazon AWS) or by maintaining the
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computer technology themselves.
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underlying computer technology themselves.
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The services that the self-hoster exposes, then, are either
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developed specifically by the self-hoster or runs software that has
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direct, immediate and serious.
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*** CONSTODO Real examples of self-hosting
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I host a number of such services:
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I host a number of services:
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- [[http://www.gibiris.org/eo-blog][/Éibhear/Gibiris/]] is my blog site.
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- [[https://social.gibiris.org/][/Social Gibiris/]] is a micro-blogging service that is federated
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with others using the /AtomPub/ technology. Thus, /Social
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- [[https://git.gibiris.org/][/git.gibiris.org/]] is a source-code sharing site that I use to
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make publicly available some of the software that I develop for
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myself.
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- [[https://news.gibiris.org/][/news.gibiris.org/]] is a news-aggregation that allows me to
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gather all the news sources of interest to me into one location,
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which I can then access from wherever I am.
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- [[https://news.gibiris.org/][/news.gibiris.org/]] is a news-aggregation service that allows me
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to gather all the news sources of interest to me into one
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location, which I can then access from wherever I am.
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- [[https://cloud.gibiris.org/nextcloud][/cloud.gibiris.org/]] is a file-sharing platform that I use with
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my family when we are collaborating on projects (e.g. school
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projects, home improvement projects, etc.)
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There is a myriad of reasons for choosing to host one's own
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service. Some examples might be:
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- Privacy -- until recently many services were careless or
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outright abusive users' privacy
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- Tracking -- the extent to which organisations, particularly
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those whose business models are based on advertising, facilitate
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the tracking of internet users as they conduct their business or
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- Privacy -- until recently many of the most popular services were
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careless or outright abusive users' privacy
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- Tracking -- many organisations, particularly those whose
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business models are based on advertising, facilitate the
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tracking of internet users as they conduct their business or
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personal activities across the internet.
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- Autonomy -- to be able to configure ones own service is often a
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powerful experience.
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- Community -- While some of the global services with household
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names offer features go small businesses and community groups
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names offer features to small businesses and community groups
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(like football clubs or debating societies), often the lock-in
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and exclusivity involved can make it hard to include everyone
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who needs to be involved. Hosting your own services allows you
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to set the rules and codes of conduct.
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who needs to be included. Hosting your own services allows you
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to set the rules and codes of conduct appropriate for your
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groups specific needs.
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- Experimentation -- just by means of playing with interesting
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software projects can people often learn about the tools and
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systems they use, and grow their knowledge of the technologies
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involved.
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- Collaboration -- the software that implements self-hosted
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services often some under the terms of a Free or Open Source
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services often come under the terms of a Free or Open Source
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Software copyright licence, which allows for people to copy and
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improve software, and these improvements often find their back
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to the original project for others to benefit.
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improve the software, and these improvements often find their
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back to the original project for others to benefit.
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- Protection -- Governments in countries where civil rights are
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not regarded as highly as they are in Ireland very often delight
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in the greater ease involved in surveilling their populations
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when the record of all that activity is centralised in a single
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service.
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when the records of all that activity are centralised in a
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single service.
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Very often, as with me, the reason to self-host is a combination
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of more than 1 of these reasons.
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** CONSDONE How accessible is self-hosting.
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In a previous, similar, submission[fn:dccae:Available [[http://www.gibiris.org/eo-blog/posts/2019/04/15_harmful-content-consultation.html][here]] and
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[[https://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/communications/consultations/Documents/86/submissions/Eibhear_O_HAnluain.pdf][here]].], I provide an outline of the challenges before someone who
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wants to set up their own services. There are few, and they are
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wants to set up their own services. They are few, and they are
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small. In summary, the reasons for this are:
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- The Internet is mechanism for computers to find each other and
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then to share information with each other. The mechanism is
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- [[http://www.gibiris.org/eo-blog/posts/2018/09/04_some-questions-5-eyes-countries-what-can-they-do.html][Some questions for the "5 Eyes" countries on what they think they
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can do]]
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* CONSTODO Answers to consultation questions
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* CONSDONE Answers to consultation questions
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The follows are some answers to the questions posed in the call for
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submissions.
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** CONSDONE Definition of communication in legislation
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